SCIENTIFIC METHOD

2001. Besides self-interests a second variable is turning increasingly relevant: policymakers' technical and emotional incompetence. Portuguese version available. (Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, Spring 2001). *

1999. The confusion between science and moral. (Speech at the World Conference on Science Budapest, June 1999)

1996. With Gilberto Tadeu Lima. While microeconomics is logic-deductive, macroeconomics is a historical discipline, requiring an inductive-deductive approach. (Paper: Revista de Economia Política) *

1988. Economic policy should follow the rationality principle, but ideological constraints in the right and the left, and the limitations of economic theory make such rationality problematic. (Paper: Revista de Economia Política)

1970. Economic theory is formed of two branches: formal economics, a sum of tools, and political economy, the analysis of real economic systems and problems. (Note: FGV/SP)

1967. General economic theory does not apply to underdeveloped countries. (Paper: Revista de Administração de Empresas)